Review of computational mechanics, optimization, and machine learning tools for digital twins applied to infrastructuresReview of computational mechanics, optimization, and machine learning tools for digital twins applied to infrastructures Ανασκόπηση Review 2023-08-252022enThe work of the authors has been supported by the ‘Organization for the Development of Crete O.A.C. S.A.’.This review discusses the links between the newly introduced concepts of digital twins and more classical finite element modeling, reduced order models, parametric modeling, inverse analysis, machine learning, and parameter identification. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that development, as almost always is the case, is based on previously developed tools that are currently exploited since the technological tools for their implementation are available and the needs of their usage appear. This fact has rarely been declared clearly in the available literature. The need for digital twins in infrastructures arises due to the extreme loadings applied on energy-related infrastructure and to the higher importance that fatigue effects have. Digital twins promise to provide reliable and affordable models that accompany the structure throughout its whole lifetime, make fatigue and degradation prediction more reliable, and support effective predictive maintenance schemes.http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Applied Sciences1223Stavroulakis_et_al_Appl. Sci._12(23)_2022.pdfChania [Greece]Library of TUC2023-08-25application/pdf1.3 MBfree Stavroulakis Georgios Σταυρουλακης Γεωργιος Charalampidi Varvara Χαραλαμπιδη Βαρβαρα Koutsianitis Panagiotis Κουτσιανιτης Παναγιωτης MDPI Digital twins Parametric modeling Analysis Industrial internet of things Big data Data analytics Artificial intelligence Predictive maintenance Damage prediction