Simulation of the penetration rate effects of ACC and CACC on macroscopic traffic dynamicsSimulation of the penetration rate effects of ACC and CACC on macroscopic traffic dynamics Πλήρης Δημοσίευση σε Συνέδριο Conference Full Paper 2017-11-132016enA macroscopic approach modeling the penetration rate of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) vehicles and its effect on traffic dynamics is investigated. Modeling is based on the introduction of a relaxation term in a gas-kinetic traffic flow (GKT) model that satisfies the time-gap principle of ACC or CACC systems and allows for consideration of mixed traffic of manual and ACC/CACC vehicles. The relaxation time is assigned to multiple leading vehicles in the CACC case; whereas in the ACC case only relates to the direct leading vehicle. Numerical simulations investigate the effect of the penetration rates of ACC and CACC equipped vehicles to traffic flow macroscopic stability, with respect to perturbations introduced in a ring road, and to flow characteristics in an open freeway with merging flow at an on-ramp.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement n. 321132, project TRAMAN21. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/336-3412016 IEEE 19th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation SystemsDelis_et_al_IEEE-ITSC_2016.pdfChania [Greece]Library of TUC2017-11-13application/pdf1.5 MBfree Delis Anargyros Δελης Αναργυρος Nikolos Ioannis Νικολος Ιωαννης Papageorgiou Markos Παπαγεωργιου Μαρκος Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Vehicle dynamics Adaptive control Cooperative systems Numerical analysis Road traffic Stability