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Optimization of energy management in building with photovoltaic systems and fuel cells

Mantelos Vasileios

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Summary

The current thesis is formulated to enhance the energy management of a system capable of covering both the electrical and thermal loads of a building. Initially, the basic system form comprises a photovoltaic array as the primary energy source, fuel cells as a supplementary source of electrical and thermal energy, and a battery bank that operates equally supplementarily to cover loads during peak hours. In the thesis, the subsystems and components that constitute the core system are initially studied and analyzed. Specifically, the characteristics and operation of photovoltaic modules, fuel cells, batteries, and an electrolyzer, which is used for ‘green’ hydrogen production in certain cases, are presented. Subsequently, a brief analysis of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm used for optimizing the energy management and system cost is conducted, along with the Exhaustive Search algorithm, which verifies and confirms the results obtained by PSO. Next, the system’s simulation is examined and applied in its basic form but also in different variations, aiming to outcome some useful conclusions for the technical behavior and the financial results under various scenarios. The results are depicted through graphs generated from the implementation of the algorithm coded in Matlab. Finally, conclusions and observations regarding the performance and the cost of the system are discussed based on its structure and the different critical conditions considered.

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