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Environmental implications from deep sea oil release

Chlorakis Zacharias

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Summary

This thesis focuses on management issues of anthropogenic, natural disasters or accidents that lead to the occurrence and appearance of oil spills on the surface or the bottom of the sea. In particular, emphasis is placed on the factors that contribute to water or subsoil pollution in general, and how such issues are addressed with the aim of bringing together the emerging data on the management of petroleum-derived or by-derived contaminated wastewater and explaining the challenge and the best methods of their management. A main finding that emerged is that early prediction, appropriate engineering design, the availability of waste and toxic substance removal tools and technologies, and simulations contribute to the appropriate management of similar crises. However, how such accidents will be managed depends on the data of each incident such as, among others, the depth and extent of the destruction, the causes of the accident, environmental and weather conditions (wind strength, temperature, visibility, pressure) as well as the applicable legislative framework in an area. Then, using the Deepwater Horizon accident as a case study, it is found that the management of similar crises is an important project with an impact on the quality of life of citizens, the environment and international relations. This conclusion was reached because it was found that the difficulty in managing similar crises can lead to environmental disasters, energy shortages, loss of biodiversity, reduction of tourist traffic as well as human lives. So, the effects of such accidents are direct and indirect, short-term and long-term, and often costly and time-consuming. The Deepwater Horizon accident, being at a depth of 1,500 meters, was particularly difficult to deal with since water pressure, accessibility, visibility and the possibility of containing the oil in one area were limited. This accident, one hopes, will be an example to avoid for the future and a sample of the need to improve the methods of prevention, simulation and management of corresponding emergencies.

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