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Sea level rise and coastal cities. Good Adaptation Practices: Rotterdam, New York, Jakarta

Kladou Ifigeneia

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Summary

Sea level rise is a much controversial concept during the 21st century, as a large number of scientific groups raise questions regarding the significance of the phenomenon. However, there is currently wide acceptance by the scientific community that sea level rise is indeed occurring and, in fact, accelerating, while climate change stands in the middle of its causes. This renders the need to cope with the phenomenon crucial, both on a global and local scale, while affected coastal urban areas seem to play a catalytic role in the creation and implementation of spatial adaptation strategies to the coming climate stresses caused by sea level rise. This paper forms an effort to investigate good practices and modern tools to deal with sea level rise and flooding for coastal cities, through the study of adaptation policies in the cities of Rotterdam, New York and Jakarta. Initially, the recognition of the multi-level relationship of the phenomenon of climate change with the urban system is attempted, through the recognition of its consequences in urban life. The second part of the study focuses on documenting the effects of climate change on coastal cities, and reporting mitigation and adaptation policies to sea level rise. After stating the selection criteria of the cities chosen for analysis, the third part of the research focuses on the study of three coastal metropolises, one for each coastal city archetype (delta, coastal, island complex), aiming to record and categorize the spatial interventions, from a range of adaptation strategies to sea level rise, proposed by each region. The research is completed by drawing conclusions, concerning the connection between integrated climate adaptation and socio-economic structure of urban areas.

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