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Evaluation of building integrated semi-transparent photovoltaics (BIPV) in Mediterranean conditions. Lighting, energy, environment

Papageorgiou Konstantinos

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Summary

The purpose of this Diploma Thesis is to evaluate building integrated semi-transparent photovoltaics in a Mediterranean climate, in three axes: indoor lighting, electricity generation and the environment, in terms of air emissions. The question is whether, according to these three axes, the choice of transparent photovoltaics is sustainable or not.During the elaboration of the present Diploma Thesis, the effect on the interior natural lighting of the studying space was initially evaluated by placing semi-transparent photovoltaics against the classical glass panels. Daylight simulations were performed with three different transparencies, 10%, 50% and 85% with the first two transparencies corresponding to two semi-transparent photovoltaics and the third one corresponding to the already existing glass panels. These simulations were performed for the two solstices and the two equinoxes of the year and for three different hours of the day, in order to create a representative picture of the daylight for the whole year. Then, real measurements of the daylight were made in the field for two of the four days of the simulations, in order to calculate the deviation of the simulation from the reality. A deviation of 16% was calculated. Then, a lighting design of the area under consideration was carried out, in which the necessary state-of-the-art lamps with a total power of 678W were placed. Those lamps create the appropriate lighting conditions under any daylight condition. It was estimated that the energy required for these lamps to operate during the building’s operating hours is 1.9MWh/a. In addition, the production of electricity from the semi-transparent photovoltaics of each transparency was simulated and the percentage of coverage of the energy needs of the Environmental Engineering buildings was calculated. The annual emissions of equivalent CO2 that are avoided by the use of semi-transparent photovoltaics for the production of electricity in Crete (3.8tn CO2-eq/a) were also calculated.Finally, based on the three aforementioned axes, the optimal scenario was selected, which is the placement of 50% transparent photovoltaic on the roof of the building.

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