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Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured CeO2-TiO2 oxides for environmental and energy applications

Zarnaveli Angeliki

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Summary

Cerium oxide (CeO2) has been widely used in a variety of catalytic processes due to its unique redox properties, high oxygen storage capacity and oxygen mobility. The development of materials in the nanoscale is of great significance, as the fine-tuning of ceria nanoparticles’ shape and size may have major impact on its structural and redox properties and, consequently, on its catalytic behaviour. Ceria, as well as ceria-based materials have been applied in numerous applications, such as three-way catalytic converters, fuel cells, in oxidation reactions (e.g., oxidation of carbon monoxide), reduction of nitrogen oxides (e.g., NOx, N2O) and in reforming processes of hydrocarbons or oxygenated compounds. The addition of structural promoters, such as titanium oxide (TiO2), into ceria can significantly affect its physicochemical and redox properties and thus, its catalytic behaviour. In fact, ceria-titania mixed oxides have been studied in various processes, such as the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the partial oxidation of methane, the steam reforming of ethanol, the low temperature carbon monoxide (CO) oxidation as well as in photocatalytic processes.In particular, various methods have been used for the synthesis of CeO2-TiO2 mixed oxides, such as the hydrothermal method, precipitation, sol gel, impregnation, etc. The preparation method notably affects the structural, redox and morphological (rods, cubes, polyhedra, etc.) characteristics of mixed oxides, resulting, thus, in different catalytic activity.The present thesis aims to initially present the role of CeO2-TiO2 mixed oxides in various catalytic applications, with particular emphasis on the role of preparation method. Moreover, CeO2-TiO2 nanomaterials were synthesized by hydrothermal and precipitation methods. The impact of synthesis procedure on the physicochemical properties of as-prepared composites, and, in turn, on their CO oxidation performance was explored.

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