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Γεωλογική και υδροχημική μελέτη σε ιστορικά καταγεγραμμένες ιαματικές πηγές εντός του νεογενούς της δυτικής Κρήτης

Kapaktsi Sofia

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Summary

In this diploma thesis is performed a systematical evaluation of geological and hydrochemical data of water samples collected from springs that are hosted and discharged within the Neogene formations of western Crete. These springs have been historically recorded as thermometallic in a systematical study that was published in 1938. More analytically, there were collected samples from six springs from Chania Perfecture. Three springs from Kares village (namely Plateia, Gero Drys and Ag. Apostoloi), one from Zymvragou village (namely, Vouriero) and two springs from the wavefront of Sfakia village area (namely Kyrali and sunrise). The hydrochemical data from these spring waters were compared to analogous data from spring water samples that were collected from Rethymno Perfecture (namely Kapediana spring) and Heraklion Perfecture (namely, Voutoufou Kavousi and Voutoufou Sarakina).More over the physicochemical characteristics were compared to the limits set by EU, WHO etc for drinking water standards. It was concluded that the temperature of the water varies from 16.2oC to 27.9oC, during the dry and the wet periods with small fluctuations. The pH of the waters varies from 5.5 (Kapediana) to 8.3 (Kyrali), hardness varies from 4.5-37 mg/L CaCO3 which means that all waters are soft and TDS varies from 130-690 mg/L.Although the samples were not measured for organic pollutants and some elements, including calcium, sulfates and manganese exceed the limits they can be considered as drinkable in terms of their mineral content. The differences in the chemical content of the samples, imply that within the Neogene formations have been developed small aquifers that supply with water these springs with a low but constant flow. The waters seems that are not affected from rocks which were formatted under extreme conditions including lateritization of the overlying Neogene formations and the permafrost depositions of the Quartenary (also overlying) which form most of the meta-alpine rocks of western Crete but are affected mainly from the Messinian evaporates.

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