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Buildings Energy Savings and Management – Smart Grids

Fytraki Evangelia

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Summary

This master thesis studies the environmental impact of a building throughout its lifetime. The thesis gathers results as well as analyzes them aiming at identifying the parts of the building which are more likely to have resulted in the environmental impact. The goal is the replacement of the materials that contribute the most to the impact so as to find the optimal combination that reduces the impact for the building under study.The building under study is the "Building K2" at the Technical University of Crete, in Chania, Greece. The software for the Life Cycle Analysis that has been used to obtain the results is the Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings©. This software allows the user to analyze the impact of a building to the environment. The impact is cumulative over the different stages of the life cycle of the building, starting from the stage of production which includes the extraction of the raw materials from the environment, their transfer, the building process itself, the maintenance, the repairs, the replacement of materials, the renovation, the energy dissipation, the water consumption of the building, all the way to the final stage in the life cycle of a building which includes the demolition, the transfer and the processing of the waste and their disposal.In specific, the thesis shows the contribution of different parts of the building to the environmental impact taking into account the major environmental problem of the planet. The main environmental phenomena are the global warming, fossil fuel consumption, acidification potential, particulate pollution, ozone depletion potential and eutrophication potential. By studying their individual contribution to the environmental fingerprint of the building the thesis identifies the parts of the building that are less friendly to the environment and then evaluates different combinations of alternative materials - that can replace the original ones - aiming to an optimal possible solution.

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