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Investigation of particles deposition on gas turbine blades

Gousopoulos Fotios

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Summary

Turbine blades’ wear is a frequent phenomenon, mainly because of the high temperatures occurring in that area (temperatures above the melting point of any metal used to make the blades), usually combined with mechanical fatigue, due to increased operating speeds of the corresponding rotors. Frequently, however, the phenomenon of premature (in some cases before 50% of the expected operating limit) irreversible wear is observed, which obviously entails considerable cost, both economically and operationally (when referred to aircraft engines or gas turbines). This phenomenon, the initial wear of the outer, usually ceramic, surface and the subsequent wear of the blade metal itself, is called erosion and its study is the purpose of this diploma thesis. Numerous bibliographic references associate the erosion formation with the deposition of particles, transported through the air compressed by the engine, into the blades and coming either from the outside environment (dust, salt, etc.) or from the engine environment itself (combustion defects, lubricants etc.). In the first part, the mechanisms of erosion formation are presented, along with methods to prevent and partially address the phenomenon, as reflected in various bibliographical references. In the second part, flow analysis of a typical fan-shaped cooling hole, with the use of CFD, is performed. This study is carried out for various blowing ratios, for the purpose of obtaining a more detailed view of the cooling system behavior. Afterward, a comparison of the obtained results with other similar simulation or experimental results is performed for validation purposes.

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