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CO2 hydrogenation for methane production on supported Rh-nanoparticles. Effect of the support

Fragkos Ikaros-Olivier

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Summary

In our times the majority of our energy needs is being covered by burning fossil fuels, which leads to increased levels of carbon dioxide CO2 in emissions. The increase of CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere, as a result of the uncontrolled usage rate of fossil fuels, is one of the main reasons that cause the enhancing of the Greenhouse Effect leading to global climate changes. There is an urgent need for the development of technologies that will replace the use of fossil fuels and reduce the accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere. A very promising solution, which covers both needs, is the CO2 hydrogenation reaction, a process that produces environmental friendly fuels of high energy conten such as methane, carbon monoxide and methanol.The aim of this thesis is to study the catalytic efficiency of three rhodium Rh catalysts, each of which is supported on a different support, in the hydrogenation of CO2 reaction for the production of methane CH4. During the experimental procedure we prepared, characterized and tested the following catalysts: 1%Rh/Al2O3, 1%Rh/50%CeO250%ZrO2 and 1%Rh/80%Al2O310%CeO210%ZrO2. The preparation of the catalysts was followed by the experimental procedure of BET for the specific surface area analysis of each of the catalysts. Then, the catalytic performance at the CO2 hydrogenation reaction for the production of methane (methanation) of these catalysts was studied by a catalytic activity experimental procedure. An amount of 50mg of the catalyst was loaded in a fixed bed reactor fed with a constant 100 cm3/min flow of a gas mixture composed of 20% H2, 5% CO2 and 75% Ar under 1 atm pressure. The reactor was gradually heated up to 600oC, while every 30oC the reaction products were being analyzed with on-line gas chromatography.The 1%Rh/80%Al2O310%CeO210%ZrO2 catalyst had the best catalytic performance at the CO2 hydrogenation reaction while the 1%Rh/Al2O3 catalyst had a very similar performance. On the contrary the 1%Rh/50%CeO250%ZrO2 had a significantly lower performance.

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