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Διερεύνηση κατανομής φθορίου σε ιστορικά καταγεγραμμένες ιαματικές πηγές της Δυτικής Κρήτης

Asproudi Maria-Lena

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Summary

In this thesis there is a systematic evaluation of the geological and hydrochemical data for traditional healing, oligo-metallic springs in Western Crete, the prefecture of Chania and especially springs with increased fluoride concentrations. The springs discharge aquifers that are hosted and, either in the Neogene rocks or in the metamorphosed Phyllite nape. More specifically, the springs hosted within thePhyllite nape are namely the spring of Arelio, the spring in the village of Moustakos and the spring in the village of Strovles, while the springs hosted within the Neogene rocks are located in the village of Kares (three springs, in the village square, Gerodrys, Agii Apostoli) as well as the Vourriero spring, near the village of Zimbragos of western Crete. In this thesis, were utilized hydrochemical of two sampling periods (one in the wet and one in the dry period), except the data of the springs of Kares Agii Apostoli and Gerodrys that were utilized data from one sampling period.The physicochemical characteristics of the samples were measured in situ by portable instruments and later were analyzed in the lab for the determinations of the concentration of the major ions and trace elements, including fluorine. The results were compared with the standards that are set by E.C., the World HealthOrganization, e.t.c. on the basis of the upper limits of the concentrations of specific chemical elements contained in mineral waters. Knowing that drinking water is the major daily contributor in the consumption of fluorine, the samples concentrations were compared also with the Recommended Daily Intake and other limitations.The spring waters studied have similarities but also differences. All waters are cold.The waters from the springs hosted in the Phyllite nape are K-Na-Cl type, have very low TDS (40mg/L-70 mg/L) and are characterized as oligo-metallic, while thefluorine concentration varies from 0.04mg/L-0.1mg/L. The waters from the springs hosted in the Neogene rocks are of Ca-Mg-HCO3-Cl-SO4 type, have higher TDS (380mg/L-620mg/L) and the fluorine concentration varies from to 0.37mg/L0.59mg/L. Moreover, the waters samples contain Zinc which varies from 5.6μg/L – 186.6μg/L for the springs hosted in the Phyllite nape and 4.2μg/L – 49.3μg/L for the springs hosted in the Neogene rocks.

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