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Μελέτη κατανομής ιχνοστοιχείων σε λειμωνιτικές εμφανίσεις των νομών Χανίων και Ρεθύμνης

Georgiou Georgios

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Summary

To a large extent, western Crete consists of metamorphic rocks resulting from multiphase tectonic activity. A number of different nomenclatures have been employed by researchers to partially or fully describe the array of metamorphic rocks found in the region. It is evident that this inconsistent set of names and terms used to describe stratigraphic units results in confusion, especially within the phyllite-quartzite family of rocks. The latter encompasses a vast collection of rocks, such as phyllites and quartzites but also slates, marble, and metabasaltic rocks. Within the so-called “Phyllitic stratum”, on top of lithologic particularities, one can also find evidence of human metallurgic activity involving iron and mixed sulfuric ores that is to a large extend relatively recent.The aim of this thesis is to contribute to and expand the cataloging of the region’s main ores and to describe their mineralogic phases and mineral composition as part of a larger effort initiated under the hospices of the school of mineral resources engineering. This work presents the results of the analysis derived from the sampling of limonite found within the vicinity of western Crete’s phyllitic stratum. Moreover, it offers an evaluation and comparative assessment of previous observations and laboratory results from different locations and geologic strata.Based on the acquired data, we attempt to further comprehend the origin and evolution of local iron ores and the appearance of mixed sulfuric ores with an emphasis on the distribution of the minute percentages of copper within western Crete’s phyllitic stratum. Further on, we generated an information archive comparable with those constructed from previous studies focusing on models of iron ore formation in Greece.Laboratory results suggest that the great majority of samples are rich in iron oxides, mostly goethite and to a lesser extend hematite. Within these iron oxides, we encountered a plethora of mineral elements such as copper, arsenic, sulfur, chromium, zinc, barium, cobalt, nickel, lead, strontium, rubidium etc. Quartz was often found to accompany those ores along with smaller amounts of phyllosilicates and carbonate rocks.To conclude, we can confidently say that the results of this study could also benefit the archeological effort on the island, especially since the sites of mixed sulfur and iron extraction through various historical periods remain an open question for geosciences and archeology.

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