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Ενεργειακή αξιολόγηση εγκαταστάσεων επεξεργασίας υγρών αστικών αποβλήτων στην Ελλάδα

Siatou Alexandra

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Summary

The purpose of this diploma thesis is to investigate the energy distribution (%) in the stages and processes of the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and to estimate the energy consumption per cubic meter of incoming wastewater (kWh/m3) of the WWTPs in Greece. The main scope of this study is the comparative evaluation of the energy consumption of 22 WWTPs in Greece with operational capacity within the range of 200 pe and 56.000 pe and incoming wastewater flow rate of 200 m3/day up to 37,000 m3/d.The thesis starts with an extensive literature review on the stages and the processes commonly encountered in the WWTPs, the energy needs of WWTPs worldwide, the use of energy resources and the energy costs of WWTPs and the methodology applied to this study and continues with a general presentation of the examined WWTPs. The research was mainly conducted on internet search engines with the use of various combinations of Greek and English keywords. The bibliographic sources were a) books in printed and electronic form, b) articles of scientific journals, c) articles from various websites such as the website of Ministry of Environment and Energy, d) the National Database of Sewage Treatment Plants, e) presentations and lesson notes, f) technical reports, g) Laws and Guidelines and h) other thesis. Following that, data regarding operation, energy consumption and energy costs were collected from 22 WWTPs located throughout Greece with a questionnaire. The questionnaire was sent by email to more than 100 WWTPs, following the student's verbal communication with the majority of the WWTPs operators. The type of the questionnaire questions were open and closed or a combination of them both. Thereafter, those data were processed and analyzed to give an overview of the energy distribution (%) in the sewage and sludge treatment stages, as well as the energy consumption per cubic meter of incoming wastewater (kWh/m3) of the examined WWTPs.Analysis of the collected data indicated that - The average energy consumption per cubic meter of incoming wastewater is PI1 = 0,862 ± 0,370 kWh/ m3, while the 68,0% of the measurements are expected to be found between 0.312 and 1.359 kWh/ m3.- The average energy consumption per person per day is PI2 = 0,159 ± 0,069 kWh/ pe-day, while the 68,0% of the measurements are expected to be found between 0,059 και 0,259 kWh/ pe-day.- The average cubic meter of wastewater per person per day is PI3 = 0,215 ± 0,008 m3/ pe-day, while the 68,0% of the measurements are expected to be found between 0,105 και 0,326 m3/ pe-day.- The average energy cost is PI4 = 0,140 ± 0,032 €/ kWh, while the 99,7% of the measurements are expected to be found between 0,006 και 0,273 €/ kWh.- The average daily energy cost per person is PI5 = 0,025 ± 0,013 €/ pe-day, while the 68,0% of the measurements are expected to be found between 0,006 και 0,044 €/ pe-day.- The percentage of energy consumption in secondary treatment is 84.6% of total energy consumption and the percentage corresponding to the aeration tank is 77.0% of the total required energy, which is at the upper limit.Keywords: “wastewater treatment plants”, “WWTP”, “energy consumption”, “energy efficiency”, “energy assessment”, “energy evaluation”

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