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Remediation of land contaminated by mining and metallurgical activities in Lavrion area

Paspaliaris Ioannis , Papassiopi Nymphodora, Anthimos Xenidis, Komnitsas Konstantinos

Πλήρης Εγγραφή

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Περίληψη

The aim of the present paper is to describe the research work that has been carried out by the Laboratory of Metallurgy on the development of remediation technologies for land decontamination, as they have been applied in the municipality of Lavrion, Greece. The paper also includes all the new research findings that have come into light from the recent activities of NTUA research team on the same subject. The extended pollution in Lavrion area is a result of the intensive mining and mineral processing operations which started in the l4 th century BC, reached the peak during the Golden Age of Athens (5 th century BC) and stopped during the 1 st century BC. During this period over 3.500 t of Ag and 1.400.000 t of Pb were produced by ancient Greeks. In modern times, mining and metallurgical activities were resumed in the late nineteenth century and lasted for over 100 years, until 1990, when they finally ceased. These activities have generated large quantities of wastes, most of which are characterised as toxic or hazardous mainly due to their heavy metal content. Three main types of waste materials are identified in Lavrion area: a) Sulphidic tailings, including mainly washing or flotation tailings from the treatment of sulphidic ores and concentrates b) oxidic tailings, including mainly washing or flotation tailings from the treatment of oxidic ores and c) Slags originating from the metallurgical treatment of the concentrates to produce silver and lead. Through the years the land use in the area has changed from mining/industrial to residential, agricultural or even recreational, making the need to decontaminate the polluted soils more crucial. For this purpose, a substantial number of innovative rehabilitation decontamination technologies has been developed and applied in demonstration scale. In this paper the methodologies applied for environmental characterisation and risk assessment as well as the rehabilitation technologies developed are presented and discussed. Rehabilitation technologies include preventive technologies to inhibit the spread of pollution from active sources and remedial technologies for the clean up of the contaminated sites.

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