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Short free running Nd:YAG laser to clean different encrustations on Pentelic marble: procedure and evaluation of the effects

Maravelaki Pagona, Zafiropulos, V, Paraskevi Pouli, Dimitrios Anglos, Balas Costas, Salimbeni, Renzo

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Περίληψη

On ancient Greek monuments of Pentelic marble, environmentally induced encrustation (black dendritic and thin) along with layers with ancient treatments (patina) were irradiated with a Nd:YAG laser system operating at the fundamental mode (λ = 1064 nm) with td = 20 μs (short free running Nd:YAG laser). Laser experiments were coupled with the spraying of small quantities of distilled water on the encrustation before the irradiation. The effects of the laser-assisted cleaning were investigated using thin section analysis, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray analysis, infrared spectroscopic analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis, as well as color measurements and imaging analysis using multi-spectral imaging. Based on the results, the main evaluation criteria were achieved for the application of the short free running Nd:YAG laser system for cleaning purposes. Multi-spectral imaging enables the evaluation of color and textural changes and, therefore, can be considered as an appropriate tool for the in situ monitoring of the cleaning process.

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