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Simulator models U-tubing'' to improve primary cementing

Kelesidis Vasilis, Rafferty R., Merlo A., Maglione R.

Πλήρης Εγγραφή

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Περίληψη

Simulating U-tubing, or fluid free fall, to predict annular flow rates and wellhead pressures can improve the design and pumping of primary cement jobs. Proper modeling of U-tubing can help identify potential downhole problems such as formation fracturing leading to lost circulation or inadequate mud removal leading to a poor cement bond. U-tubing is caused by the density difference between the fluids in the casing and the fluid is in the annulus. During many primary cementing jobs, U-tubing can result in annular flow rates that are different than surface pump rates. U-tubing has been studies extensively in the past, but the field validation of many simulator predictions has been limited because of difficulties in obtaining field data. Data from cementing operations on six offshore wells were used to validate the predictions of a new U-tubing simulator. The simulator accurately predicted both the onset and end of U-tubing in the field. During both circulating and cementing, the predicted return flow rates matched the actual flow rates, and the predicted surface wellhead pressures matched the measured pressures. The simulator handles design data (few pump rates, constant densities) and execution data with time changing rates and densities. All well data, such as caliper data, survey data, and casing types, can be used.

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