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Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous solutions by ultrasonic irradiation

Psyllaki Eleftheria, Goula Grammatiki, Kalogerakis Nikos, Mantzavinos Dionysis

Πλήρης Εγγραφή

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Περίληψη

The effect of various operating conditions (initial concentration, liquid phase temperature, applied power, ultrasound frequency) andof the presence of matrix components (1-butanol, NaCl and FeSO4) on the sonochemical degradation of naphthalene, acenaphthylene andphenanthrene inwater has been studied.Ahorn-type sonicatorwas used to deliver the ultrasound energy, while immersion sampling solid-phasemicroextraction (SPME) coupled with GC–MS was employed to follow concentration–time profiles of the chosen PAHs. At the operatingconditions in question (initial concentrations of 150, 300 and 450g/l, temperatures of 20 and 40 ◦C, applied power of 45, 75 and 150Wandultrasound frequencies of 24 and 80 kHz), all PAHs were susceptible to sonochemical treatment and, in most cases, complete degradationcould be achieved in up to 120 min of treatment. Conversion was found to decrease with increasing initial concentration and temperature anddecreasing power and frequency as well as in the presence of an excess of dissolved salts. Addition of 1-butanol, a known hydroxyl radicalscavenger, substantially suppressed degradation throughout the course of the reaction, thus highlighting the role of oxidation reactions inPAHs degradation. In contrast, addition of Fe2+ ions at a low concentration enhanced degradation through a Fenton-like reaction.

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