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Investigation of A-Cypermethrin biodegradation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Vasileiadis Dimitrios

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Summary

The current study investigated the biodegradative potential of the conventional yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae against the insecticidal compound A-cypermethrin, both in liquid fungal cultures and on fresh fruit (oranges). According to the international literature, yeasts demonstrate esterase enzymatic activity capable of degrading synthetic pyrethroids. Based on this, S. cerevisiae was selected and cultured in liquid medium using A-cypermethrin as the primary energy source.Following initial cultivation, the yeast was isolated and further applied in degradation studies to determine the concentration range of A-cypermethrin at which the yeast exerts a significant effect, as well as to identify and characterize its degradation products. The ultimate aim was to quantify residual A-cypermethrin and assess the toxicological profile of its breakdown products. This evaluation was essential to determine potential dietary risks to the end consumer, both from the parent compound and its metabolites.The yeast exhibited strong enzymatic activity, successfully degrading A-cypermethrin even at elevated concentrations (up to 100 ppm).Analysis of degradation products revealed that the major metabolite, 3-phenoxy-benzaldehyde—known for its high toxicity—was either not detected or detected only at trace levels over time. The observed reduction in both A-cypermethrin and this metabolite indicates a favorable outcome, as the remaining degradation products were found to exhibit low toxicity.Therefore, this strain of S. cerevisiae may be considered within the scope of the current research framework, adding value through the investigation and selection of its enzymatic systems that degrade A-cypermethrin, particularly in terms of the toxicological profile of its degradation byproducts.

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