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Quantification and analysis of plastics flow in Europe

Gerou Odysseas-Angelos

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Summary

The plastic industry is of vital importance to the economy and society, as it provides materials that are widely used in every sector and activity of our daily lives. The durability and flexibility of plastics make them indispensable in many industries, promoting innovation and efficiency. However, the improper handling of plastics creates serious environmental challenges in managing plastic waste and environmental sustainability. The European Union has set out certain guiding principles for the reformation of plastic materials. These principles include promoting the circular economy, increasing recycling rates, and enhancing the reuse of materials to reduce the environmental footprint of plastics and ensure a sustainable future for the next generations. The purpose of this study is to analyze the flow of plastics and quantify them from the initial stage of their production to their consumption and subsequent management stage. More specifically, due to the need for sector transformation and, in alignment with environmental legislation, the study examines the flow of 57.2 million tons of plastics in 2022 in Europe. At the same time, several indicators are measured to interpret the current state of plastics and find the necessary solutions for their future sustainability. Initially, the life cycle of plastics is determined, analyzing the production stage through raw materials, the consumption stage, and the particularly important waste management stage. A comprehensive mass balance of plastic materials is determined overall, as well as separately for each stage. Then, plastic evaluation indicators are established, which quantitatively analyze the recycling, reuse, and disposal rates of plastic materials. At the same time, uncertainty indicators are examined for the accuracy and control of the Plastic Flow Analysis. Finally, the environmental laws related to the Plastic Industry are presented, and possible scenarios and solutions for the transformation of plastics are analyzed, aiming to reduce the environmental impacts of their widespread use and promote their circularity and sustainability.

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