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Design and preliminary evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal system using Phase Change Materials (PVPCM-T)

Pappa Maria-Rika

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Summary

Investigations demonstrate that excessive operating temperatures of photovoltaic (PV) modules diminish their efficiency and operational lifespan. To counter this, embedding Phase Change Materials (PCM) into PV systems can help in reducing the operating temperatures and elevating overall performance. This study examines a combination of Photovoltaic/Thermal technology with phase Change Materials system meticulously designed with copper pipes arranged in a serpentine configuration, submerged in RT42 paraffin wax, and utilizing circulating water to optimize heat dissipation. The system was meticulously modeled and simulated within the ANSYS Fluent environment, employing data gathered under the elevated thermal conditions characteristic of Chania, Crete. The investigation included three instances: the PCM at 50°C did not achieve complete melting, with water temperatures settling at 40°C; at 55°C, it melted after 6.22 hours, producing water at 45°C; and at 64.5°C, the PCM melted in 3.3 hours, maintaining low PV temperatures for more than 3.3 hours and generating water at 50°C. The findings indicate that the integration of PCM within the system significantly enhances both electrical and thermal efficiency, effectively postponing the escalation of PV module temperatures during peak solar irradiance periods. The system’s capability to simultaneously generate electricity and produce hot water exemplifies its versatility, particularly in regions characterized by high solar exposure. Prospective enhancements may encompass real-time electrical monitoring, comprehensive life cycle assessments, and the incorporation of environmentally sustainable materials. In summary, the PV-PCM-T system presents a pragmatic approach Created to enhance the efficiency and electricity production of PV modules in areas with strong sunlight, by optimizing their performance and energy generation.

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