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Simulation of population of plug-in electric vehicles as an equivalent energy storage unit

Voulgaris Stylianos

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Summary

In this project, we dealt with the modeling of a fleet of electric vehicles and the simulation of their charging process as an equivalent battery. More specifically, the purpose of this thesis was to find the optimal way to charge the above fleet based on cost. The EVs had the ability, apart from drawing energy from the grid (G2V), to also offer energy back to it (V2G). The charging simulation of the EVs was conducted in two ways. The first way is by treating the fleet as a sum of individual chargers. Specifically, we focus on the operation of each charger and simulate its operation. After doing this, we sum the simulations of all chargers to obtain the final result. The second way is by treating the whole set of chargers as an equivalent charger that combines the functions of all. Thus, a cumulative charging simulation of the fleet of EVs will result. It is evident that we will have two different results, one for each simulation method. At the end of the project, we compared these two simulation methods, changing significant variables each time (e.g. the number of EVs, the percentage of V2G usage), aiming to determine the best way to handle the charging of a fleet of EVs. The data for the entire thesis, which we relied on for the modeling, is based on realistic models. Thus, the results have full resonance with reality.

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